户外拓展经常会在野外进行，条件非常恶劣，有可能发生各种突发状况。对参与者来说，面对困境时临危不乱，通知别人，获得救援，是非常重要的。求救时，要通过各种方式与外界取得交流。下面是一些常见的信号种类。

Outdoor expansion is often carried out in the field, the conditions are very bad, there may be a variety of unexpected situations. For the participants, it is very important to keep calm in the face of difficulties, inform others and obtain rescue. When asking for help, we should communicate with the outside world in various ways. Here are some common types of signals.

烟火信号

Pyrotechnic signal

火光是一种非常有效的联络信号。而在不同时间段使用的火光也有所区别，白天可在火堆上放些苔藓、青嫩树枝、橡皮等使之产生浓烟；晚上可放些干柴，使火烧旺，使火升高。

Firelight is a very effective contact signal. In the daytime, some moss, green branches and rubber can be put on the fire to make it produce thick smoke; at night, some dry wood can be put to make the fire burn vigorously and raise the fire.

在国际上通常堆放三个火堆作为求救信号，将火堆摆成三角形，每堆之间的间隔相等为理想，这样安排也方便点燃。如果燃料少或者自身体力不足，只点燃一堆也可以。

In the world, three fires are usually stacked as a distress signal. It is ideal to place the fire in a triangle with equal intervals between each pile. This arrangement is also convenient for lighting. If there is little fuel or you don't have enough energy, you can just light one pile.

信号火堆要避免整天燃烧，而是应该随时做好准备，让燃料保持干燥，一旦有任何飞机路过，就尽快点燃求助。火堆的燃料要易于燃烧，便于快速点燃，因为有些机会转瞬即逝。野外常见的白桦树皮就是十分理想的燃料。还可以利用汽油，但使用时不要直接把汽油倾倒于火堆上。用一些布料做灯芯带，在汽油中浸泡，然后放在燃料堆上，将汽油罐移地点后再点燃。点燃之后如果火势好将熄灭，添加汽油前要确保添加在没有火花或余烬的燃料中。

Signal fire should not burn all day long, but should be prepared at any time to keep the fuel dry. Once any aircraft passes by, light it as soon as possible for help. The fuel in the fire should be easy to burn and easy to ignite quickly, because some opportunities are fleeting. Birch bark, which is common in the wild, is an ideal fuel. Gasoline can also be used, but do not dump gasoline directly on the fire. Use some cloth to make wick belt, soak it in gasoline, then put it on the fuel pile, move the gasoline tank to a safe place, and then ignite it. After ignition, if the fire is good, it will go out. Before adding gasoline, make sure it is added into the fuel without sparks or embers.

体示信号

Body signal

当搜救飞机接近时，可用肢体语言表达遇险，请求救援。

When the search and rescue aircraft approaches, the body language can be used to express distress and request rescue.
                       

旗语信号

Semaphore signal

找一面旗子或者色泽亮艳的布料系在木棒上，持棒运动时，在身体左侧长划，身体右侧短划，加大动作的幅度，做“8”字形运动。如果距离救援方较近，可以不做“8”字形运动，而用一个简单的划行动作取代，在左侧长划一次，在右边短划一次，长划的用时比短划长。

Find a flag or bright colored cloth and tie it to the stick. When holding the stick, make a long stroke on the left side of the body and a short stroke on the right side of the body to increase the range of movement and do the "8" shape movement. If you are close to the rescue party, you can replace it with a simple rowing action instead of doing the "8" shape movement. You can make a long stroke on the left side and a short stroke on the right side. The long stroke takes longer than the short stroke.

声音信号

Sound signal

如相隔较近，可大声呼喊，三声短三声长，再三声短，间隔1分钟之后再重复。

If the distance is close, shout out loud, three short, three long, and three short, and repeat after 1 minute interval.

反光信号

Reflective signal

在阳光充足的情况下，利用物体反射光线即可射出信号光。选择任何明亮的材料，如光滑的罐头、玻璃、金属片，镜子当然是理想的了。使用反光信号进行求救，即使距离较远，救援人员也能察觉到，甚当你并不知晓欲联络目标的位置时，也可以多多试探，因为该方法对体力的消耗不大。求救时环视天空，如果有飞机靠近，就快速反射出信号光，因为光线或许会使营救人员目眩，所以一旦确定自己已被发现，应立刻停止反射光线。

In the case of sufficient sunlight, the signal light can be emitted by using the reflected light of the object. If you choose any bright material, such as smooth tin, glass, sheet metal, the mirror is of course ideal. Using reflective signals for help, even if the distance is far, the rescue personnel can also detect, even when you do not know the location of the target you want to contact, you can also try more, because this method does not consume much physical strength. When asking for help, look around the sky. If there is an aircraft approaching, it will quickly reflect the signal light. Because the light may dazzle the rescue personnel, once you are sure that you have been found, stop reflecting the light immediately.